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Distribution of background equivalent static wind load on high-rise buildings

Jianguo ZHANG , Ming GU ,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 241-248 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0036-z

摘要： In this paper, the along-wind and cross-wind fluctuating load distributions along the height of high-rise buildings and their correlations are obtained through simultaneous pressure measurements in a wind tunnel. Some typical methods proposed in some relative literatures, i.e., load-response correlation (LRC), and quasi-mean load (QML) and gust load envelope (GLE) methods, are verified in terms of their accuracy in describing the background equivalent static wind load distribution on high-rise buildings. Based on the results, formulae of the distribution of background equivalent static load on high-rise buildings with typical shapes are put forward. It is shown that these formulae are of high accuracy and practical use.

关键词： high-rise buildings     along-wind     cross-wind     background equivalent static wind load     close formulae    

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Investigation of the structural form optimization methods of high-rise buildings

ZHANG Shihai, WANG Li, OU Jinping, WANG Guangyuan

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 182-187 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0020-4

摘要： In this paper, the structural form optimization methods of high-rise buildings based on the expert system (ES), case-based reasoning (CBR), and knowledge discovery in database (KDD) are evaluated systematically. The characteristics and shortcomings of each method are pointed out. It is predicted that the incorporation of these three techniques into an intelligent form optimization method will be an important development direction in the future. Finally, the unified intelligent form selection model combined with concepts of ES, CBR, KDD and artificially intelligent beautification is proposed. In consideration of the needs of human beings, machinery and computation, the model has been used for structural design combined with relevant knowledge, means, maneuver and strategy. The model plays an important role and has practical value in the process of artificially intelligent form optimization. It effectively reduces the blindness and failure of computer-aided structural design.

关键词： case-based reasoning     computation     KDD     important development     high-rise    

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Seismic design of high-rise towers for cable-stayed bridges under strong earthquakes

Yan XU, Shide HU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 451-457 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0127-5

摘要： This paper presents the first of a series of studies on the seismic design of high-rise towers for cable-stayed bridges under strong earthquakes. One practical cable-stayed bridge with a 730 m long main span and two high-rise towers over 200 m in height was selected for this study. The preliminary results show that compared with piers, the tower is more vulnerable to pulse-like earthquakes, and it may develop plasticity at certain locations. In addition, viscous dampers may not have the same effect during pulse-like earthquakes as they do under site-specific earthquakes. Hence, reoptimization of damper parameters or reconsideration of other energy dissipation devices will be needed if strong earthquakes are likely to occur.

关键词： high-rise tower     cable-stayed bridge     strong earthquake     seismic design    

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Seismic analysis of a super high-rise steel structure with horizontal strengthened storeys

Yuanqing WANG, Hui ZHOU, Yongjiu SHI, Yi HUANG, Gang SHI, Siqing WEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 394-404 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0116-8

摘要： Horizontal strengthened storeys are widely used in super high-rise steel structures to improve the lateral structural rigidity. This use has great effects on the seismic properties of the entire structure. The seismic properties of the Wuhan International Securities Building (a 68-storey super high-rise steel structure with three horizontal strengthened storeys) were evaluated in this study. Two approaches, i.e., mode-superposition response spectrum analysis and time-history analysis, were employed to calculate the seismic response of the structure. The response spectrum analysis indicated that transition parts near the three strengthened storeys were weak zones of the structure because of the abrupt change in rigidity. In the response spectrum analysis approach, the Square Root of Sum of Square (SRSS) method was recommended when the vertical seismic effects could be ignored. However, the complete quadratic combination (CQC) method was superior to SRSS method when the vertical seismic effects should be considered. With the aid of time-history analysis, the seismic responses of the structure were obtained. The whiplash effect that spectrum analysis cannot reveal was observed through time-history analysis. This study provides references for the seismic design of super high-rise steel structures with horizontal strengthened storeys.

关键词： seismic analysis     steel structure     super high-rise     horizontal strengthened storey     response spectrum analysis     time-history analysis    

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Safety and serviceability assessment for high-rise tower crane to turbulent winds

Zhi SUN, Nin HOU, Haifan XIANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 18-24 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0009-2

摘要： Tower cranes are commonly used facilities for the construction of high-rise structures. To ensure their workability, it is very important to analyze their response and evaluate their condition under extreme conditions. This paper proposes a general scheme for safety and serviceability assessment of high-rise tower crane to turbulent winds based on time domain buffeting response analysis. Spatially correlated wind velocity field at the location of the tower crane was first simulated using an algorithm for generating the time domain samples of a stationary, multivariate stochastic process according to some prescribed spectral density matrix. The buffeting forces applied to the structure were computed according to the above-simulated wind velocity fluctuations and the lift, drag, and moment coefficients obtained from a CFD computation. Those spatially correlated loads were then fed into a well calibrated finite element model and the nonlinear time history analysis was conducted to compute structural buffeting response. Compared with structural on-site response measurement, the computed response using the proposed method has good precision. The proposed method is then adopted for analyzing the buffeting response of an in-use tower crane under the design wind speed and the maximum operational wind speed for safety and serviceability assessment.

关键词： tower crane     buffeting response     wind velocity     modeling    

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Extrapolation reconstruction of wind pressure fields on the claddings of high-rise buildings

Yehua SUN, Guquan SONG, Hui LV

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 653-666 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0503-5

摘要： Recent research about reconstruction methods mainly used the interpolation reconstruction of the fluctuating wind pressure field on the surface. However, to investigate wind pressure at the edge of the building, the work presented in this paper focuses on the extrapolation reconstruction of wind pressure fields. Here, we propose an improved proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and Kriging method with a von Kármán correlation function to resolve this issue. The studies show that it works well for not only interpolation reconstruction but also extrapolation reconstruction. The proposed method does require determination of the Hurst exponent and other parameters analysed from the original data. Hence, the fluctuating wind fields have been characterized by the von Kármán correlation function, as an a priori function. Compared with the cubic spline method and different variogram, preliminary results suggest less time consumption and high efficiency in extrapolation reconstruction at the edge.

关键词： extrapolation reconstruction     proper orthogonal decomposition     Kriging method     von Kármán function     Hurst exponent     rescaled range analysis    

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Wind tunnel test study on the wind pressure coefficient of claddings of high-rise buildings

Yong QUAN, Yi LIANG, Fei WANG, Ming GU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 518-524 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0128-4

摘要： The area-averaged most unfavorable wind pressure coefficients (MUWPCs) on various regions of building surfaces and the influence of the side ratio and the terrain category were studied based on wind tunnel test data of scale models of typical high-rise buildings with rectangular cross-sections. The negative area-averaged MUWPCs in the middle-height edge areas generally increased with an increasing / side ratio. The area-averaged MUWPCs can be well fitted with a function of the average area reduced by the square of the building depth, . In addition, no unique pattern was found for the effect of the terrain category on the MUWPCs.

关键词： side ratio     area-averaged pressure coefficients     cladding     terrain category    

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Experimental study of wind loads on gable roofs of low-rise buildings with overhangs

Peng HUANG, Ling TAO, Ming GU, Yong QUAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 300-317 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0449-7

摘要：

Gable roofs with overhangs (eaves) are the common constructions of low-rise buildings on the southeastern coast of China, and they were vulnerable to typhoons from experience. The wind pressure distributions on gable roofs of low-rise buildings are investigated by a series of wind tunnel tests which consist of 99 test cases with various roof pitches, height-depth ratios and width-depth ratios. The block pressure coefficients and worst negative (block) pressure coefficients on different roof regions of low-rise buildings are proposed for the main structure and building envelope, respectively. The effects of roof pitch, height-depth ratio, and width-depth ratio on the pressure coefficients of each region are analyzed in detail. In addition, the pressure coefficients on the roofs for the main structure and building envelope are fitted according to roof pitch, height-depth ratio and width-depth ratio of the low-rise building. Meanwhile, the rationality of the fitting formulas is verified by comparing the fitting results with the codes of different countries. Lastly, the block pressure coefficients and worst negative pressure coefficients are recommended to guide the design of low-rise buildings in typhoon area and act as references for the future’s modification of wind load codes.

关键词： low-rise building     gable roof     wind loads     wind tunnel test     block pressure coefficient     load code    

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日本桥梁和建筑结构监测的研究与实施综述 Review

Yozo Fujino, Dionysius M. Siringoringo, Yoshiki Ikeda, Tomonori Nagayama, Tsukasa Mizutani

《工程（英文）》 2019年 第5卷 第6期   页码 1093-1119 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.09.006

摘要：

本文对日本建筑结构监测技术的发展进行了综述，重点介绍了监测系统的类型、策略和开发利用。本文主要对基于振动技术的桥梁和建筑结构进行了介绍。日本的建筑结构监测系统历来都是以评估建筑结构对极端事件的响应程度为目标的。在建筑结构监测技术的开发中，监测系统和所收集到的数据被用来验证设计假设、更新技术参数并优化振动控制系统的性能。本文对大跨度桥梁和高层建筑的设计验证、建筑物和桥梁的隔震系统性能、建筑结构改造和加固验证、结构控制系统验证（被动式、半主动式和主动式）、结构评估和损伤检测进行了研究。近年来，监测系统的应用范围被逐步扩大，监测数据的充分利用使得风险和资产管理趋于合理化，从而进一步提升了监测系统的高效运作和有效维护。本文还从对日本桥梁和建筑结构监测案例研究中总结了一些经验教训和反馈意见。

关键词： 建筑结构监测     大跨度桥梁     高层建筑     地震监测     风振响应     路面及桥面板监测     建筑结构控制监测     建筑结构评估    

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A survey of decorative materials on the energy consumption of mid-rise residential buildings in Mashad

Masoud Taheri SHAHRAEIN, Lihua ZHAO, Qinglin MENG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 490-497 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0068-4

摘要： Polyvinylchloride (PVC) panel is one of the most favorite decorative materials that has been popularly applied as finishing of ceiling in residential buildings. It is about five years that the people incline to redecorate the ceiling of old buildings with PVC panel in big cities of Iran, such as Mashad. In this study, the influence of ceiling PVC panel on the cooling and heating loads of studied apartment were determined by software DeST-h. In addition, the summer natural ventilation of the mentioned apartment is investigated by determining the wind speed into the apartment through the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The evaluation of environment indoor wind velocity showed that most of the apartment space is a comfortable zone. The results of studied building analyses demonstrated that using PVC panel on the ceiling can decline the energy consumption of the penthouse (fifth level) of the investigated building, which is about 3.7% and 7% for studied methods of without and with air layer, respectively. In addition, although the existence of air layer can decline the cooling and heating loads, the increase in air layer thickness did not show significant decrease on building energy consumption. However, the PVC panel is expensive and is not suitable to be used for ceiling thermal insulation, but adding a thin layer of air between ceiling and PVC panel can be a good step toward sustainable building, when the people are inclined to utilize it as a decorative ceiling.

关键词： residential apartments     natural ventilation     energy consumption     decorative materials     Mashad    

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Seismic fragility assessment of revised MRT buildings considering typical construction changes

Rakesh DUMARU, Hugo RODRIGUES, Humberto VARUM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 241-266 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0560-4

摘要： The present study investigates the vulnerability assessment of the prototype revised Mandatory Rule of Thumb (MRT) buildings initially designed and detailed for three storeys bare frame building; later modified through variable number of storeys (three, four, and five) and different arrangement of infill walls (bare frame, soft-storey, irregular infilled, and fully infilled). The application of infill walls increases the fundamental frequencies, stiffness, and maximum strength capacity, but reduces the deformation capability than the bare frame building. The vulnerability was also reduced through infill walls, where the probability of exceeding partial-collapse and collapse damage reduced by 80% and 50%, respectively. Furthermore, the increased in storeys (three to five) also increases the failure probability, such that partial-collapse and collapse for fully infilled increases by almost 55% and 80%, respectively. All obtained results and discussions concluded that the structural sections and details assigned for MRT building is not sufficient if considered as bare frame and soft-storey. And increase in number of storeys causes building highly vulnerable although the infill walls were considered.

关键词： mid-rise buildings     revised NBC 205: 2012     masonry infill walls     configurations of infill walls     vulnerability assessment and inter-storey drift    

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Heating energy savings potential from retrofitting old apartments with an advanced double-skin façade system in cold climate

Yeo Beom YOON, Byeongmo SEO, Brian Baewon KOH, Soolyeon CHO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 224-240 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0801-1

摘要： Apartments account for over 60% of total residential buildings and consume a significant portion of primary energy in South Korea. Various energy efficiency measures have been implemented for both new apartment constructions and existing apartment retrofits. Old apartment structures have poor thermal performances, resulting in a high energy consumption. The South Korean government initiated retrofitting projects to improve the energy efficiency in old apartments. Apartment owners typically replace old windows with high-performance windows; however, there is still a demand for better and more innovative retrofit methods for a highly improved energy efficiency. This paper proposes an advanced double-skin façade (DSF) system to replace existing balcony windows in old apartments. Considering the cold climate conditions of Seoul, South Korea, it mainly discusses heating energy savings. Three case models were developed: Base-Case with existing apartment, Case-1 with typical retrofitting, and Case-2 with the proposed DSF system. The EnergyPlus simulation program was used to develop simulation models for a floor radiant heating system. A typical gas boiler was selected for low-temperature radiant system modeling. The air flow network method was used to model the proposed DSF system. Five heating months, i.e., November to March, and one representative day, i.e., January 24, were selected for detailed analysis. The main heat loss areas consist of windows, walls, and infiltration. The results reveal that the apartment with the DSF retrofit saves 38.8% on the annual heating energy compared to the Base-Case and 35.2% compared to Case-1.

关键词： double-skin façade     retrofitting     high-rise apartment     heating energy     building simulation    

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Fragility assessment of wood sheathing panels and roof-to-wall connections subjected to wind loading

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 867-876 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0745-5

摘要： The performance of the wood-frame buildings after tornadoes has shown that the majority of the wind damage resulted from building envelope failure most typically due to the loss of the roof. To assess the performance and the reliability of low-rise wood-frame residential buildings with a focus on the roofs, fragility analysis can be used to estimate the probability of failure of a roof when constructed with specified nails and sheathing sizes. Thus, this paper examines the fragility of specific types of nails, roof-to-wall (RW) connection details, and sheathing sizes based on the damaged roofs that were previously assessed in the Dunrobin area in Ottawa (Ontario) that was hit with an Enhanced Fujita (EF3) tornado on September 21, 2018. The presented fragility analysis considers four scenarios, including different sheathing and nail sizes. Dead loads, wind loads, and resistance on the sheathing panels were compiled and analyzed to determine the failure of the examined roofs. The eight fragility models suggest that the safest roof sheathing (RS) is the 1.22 m × 1.22 m sheathing panel with 8 d nails, and the safest RW connections is achieved by using H2.5 hurricane clips.

关键词： tornadoes     wind loads     low-rise buildings     fragility analysis     risk assessment     structural failures    

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Shanghai Tower

Jian GONG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第1期   页码 106-109 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017001

摘要： Ru-jiang Zhao,Wung Hee Moh. [J]. Front. Eng, 2016, 3(2): 147-157.

关键词： super-high-rise building     green building     integral steel platform formwork system     large volume concrete     concrete pumped for super-high building     deep and large foundation pit     combined anterograde and retrograde methods     digitalized construction technology    

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Reassessment of fenestration characteristics for residential buildings in hot climates: energy and economic

Ali ALAJMI, Hosny ABOU-ZIYAN, Hamad H. Al-MUTAIRI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 629-650 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0799-z

摘要： This paper attempts to resolve the reported contradiction in the literature about the characteristics of high-performance/cost-effective fenestration of residential buildings, particularly in hot climates. The considered issues are the window glazing property (ten commercial glazing types), facade orientation (four main orientations), window-to-wall ratio (WWR) (0.2–0.8), and solar shading overhangs and side-fins (nine shading conditions). The results of the simulated runs reveal that the glazing quality has a superior effect over the other fenestration parameters and controls their effect on the energy consumption of residential buildings. Thus, using low-performance windows on buildings yields larger effects of WWR, facade orientation, and solar shading than high-performance windows. As the WWR increases from 0.2 to 0.8, the building energy consumption using the low-performance window increases 6.46 times than that using the high-performance window. The best facade orientation is changed from north to south according to the glazing properties. In addition, the solar shading need is correlated as a function of a window-glazing property and WWR. The cost analysis shows that the high-performance windows without solar shading are cost-effective as they have the largest net present cost compared to low-performance windows with or without solar shading. Accordingly, replacing low-performance windows with high-performance ones, in an existing residential building, saves about 12.7 MWh of electricity and 11.05 tons of CO2 annually.

关键词： parametric analysis     high-performance window     window-to-wall ratio (WWR)     facade orientation     solar shading     cost analysis    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Distribution of background equivalent static wind load on high-rise buildings

Jianguo ZHANG , Ming GU ,

期刊论文

Investigation of the structural form optimization methods of high-rise buildings

ZHANG Shihai, WANG Li, OU Jinping, WANG Guangyuan

期刊论文

Seismic design of high-rise towers for cable-stayed bridges under strong earthquakes

Yan XU, Shide HU

期刊论文

Seismic analysis of a super high-rise steel structure with horizontal strengthened storeys

Yuanqing WANG, Hui ZHOU, Yongjiu SHI, Yi HUANG, Gang SHI, Siqing WEN

期刊论文

Safety and serviceability assessment for high-rise tower crane to turbulent winds

Zhi SUN, Nin HOU, Haifan XIANG

期刊论文

Extrapolation reconstruction of wind pressure fields on the claddings of high-rise buildings

Yehua SUN, Guquan SONG, Hui LV

期刊论文

Wind tunnel test study on the wind pressure coefficient of claddings of high-rise buildings

Yong QUAN, Yi LIANG, Fei WANG, Ming GU

期刊论文

Experimental study of wind loads on gable roofs of low-rise buildings with overhangs

Peng HUANG, Ling TAO, Ming GU, Yong QUAN

期刊论文

日本桥梁和建筑结构监测的研究与实施综述

Yozo Fujino, Dionysius M. Siringoringo, Yoshiki Ikeda, Tomonori Nagayama, Tsukasa Mizutani

期刊论文

A survey of decorative materials on the energy consumption of mid-rise residential buildings in Mashad

Masoud Taheri SHAHRAEIN, Lihua ZHAO, Qinglin MENG

期刊论文

Seismic fragility assessment of revised MRT buildings considering typical construction changes

Rakesh DUMARU, Hugo RODRIGUES, Humberto VARUM

期刊论文

Heating energy savings potential from retrofitting old apartments with an advanced double-skin façade system in cold climate

Yeo Beom YOON, Byeongmo SEO, Brian Baewon KOH, Soolyeon CHO

期刊论文

Fragility assessment of wood sheathing panels and roof-to-wall connections subjected to wind loading

期刊论文

Shanghai Tower

Jian GONG

期刊论文

Reassessment of fenestration characteristics for residential buildings in hot climates: energy and economic

Ali ALAJMI, Hosny ABOU-ZIYAN, Hamad H. Al-MUTAIRI

期刊论文